How does vehicle gross weight impact total stopping distance and kinetic energy dissipation during an emergency stop?

1. A heavier truck stops in a shorter distance because heavy weight drives tires into the asphalt
2. Gross weight has zero effect on stopping distance because pneumatic brakes are powerful
3. Kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass (Ek = 1/2 * m * v²); a loaded 40-tonne truck carries many times the kinetic energy of a car, requiring substantially greater braking distance and generating massive heat in the brakes
4. A heavy truck will only stop if the driver turns off the ignition switch