Which change generally increases the required tension development length or lap length of a reinforcing bar?

1. Using a smaller bar in the same concrete with more cover and better confinement
2. Using a larger bar, epoxy coating, or a top-bar (poor bond) position, as the design equations require
3. Increasing concrete compressive strength while keeping everything else the same
4. Switching from a hooked bar to a straight bar of the same size in the same cover, which always shortens the length