What is the New York law regarding passing a vehicle on the right?

1. Passing on the right is always illegal, including on a multi-lane road with two lanes moving in the same direction or behind a vehicle turning left
2. Passing on the right is permitted on multi-lane highways or when the vehicle ahead is turning left, provided it can be done safely
3. Passing on the right is permitted only on one-way streets, never when the vehicle ahead is turning left or when a multi-lane roadway provides space
4. Passing on the right is allowed whenever a driver wants, even if it requires leaving the paved roadway or creates an unsafe conflict with another vehicle