Under the Swiss Road Traffic Act (SVG, SR 741.01), who is legally considered the driver and holds primary responsibility during a practical driving instruction lesson on public roads?

1. The driving instructor is legally deemed the driver to the extent that they are able to intervene and exercise control over the vehicle
2. The learner driver bears 100% of all legal liability under all circumstances regardless of instructor intervention
3. The driving school owner who owns the vehicle is strictly liable as the sole driver
4. Neither person is considered the driver; the vehicle manufacturer bears strict civil liability