How does doubling vehicle speed (e.g. from 50 km/h to 100 km/h) affect the kinetic energy and physical braking distance of a vehicle?

1. Kinetic energy and braking distance increase 4-fold (quadruple)
2. Kinetic energy and braking distance both double (increase 2-fold)
3. Kinetic energy increases 8-fold while braking distance remains identical
4. Kinetic energy decreases because aerodynamic drag assists deceleration