If a vehicle's gross weight exceeds the maximum allowable weight, how much may it exceed by law?

Answer: B — 5%

When a vehicle's gross weight exceeds the maximum allowable weight, Texas law allows for an excess of up to 5% of the allowable weight limit. This provision is in place to provide a small margin for fluctuation in weight due to factors like loading variations or scales not being perfectly calibrated. Understanding this limit is crucial for commercial drivers, as exceeding the weight limit can lead to fines, penalties, and safety hazards related to vehicle handling and braking. The 5% allowance helps to prevent unnecessary penalties while still maintaining safety regulations on the road. Thus, recognizing that a 5% excess is permitted helps ensure compliance with safety and legal standards.