When an aerodrome controller issues taxi instructions that require an aircraft to cross an active runway, what is the mandatory standard phraseology and procedure under ICAO Doc 4444?

1. The controller may issue a blanket taxi clearance to the stand without mentioning runway crossings
2. The controller must advise the aircraft to proceed at own discretion across all intersecting runways
3. The controller must instruct the pilot to switch off all exterior lighting while crossing
4. The controller must issue a specific, separate clearance to cross or hold short of each active runway, and the pilot must read back the runway designation