What is the basic civil-liability and safety idea in Ordinance No. 40 Art. 8c and ADR Chapter 1.4 for participants in the carriage?

1. Only the insurer is responsible; the driver has no personal duties once the premium is paid
2. Each participant must take measures matching the nature and foreseeable hazards in their own role, to prevent injury or damage and to limit consequences if an incident occurs
3. Liability is abolished inside Category A tunnels
4. Only the consignee can ever be sued, so the driver may ignore leaks