If an adult passenger begins choking on food, is unable to speak or cough, and clutches their neck (universal choking sign / 气道异物梗阻), what first aid maneuver should be performed?

1. Perform the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法): stand behind the victim, place a fist above the navel below the ribcage, grasp the fist with the other hand, and deliver rapid upward and inward abdominal thrusts
2. Pat the passenger gently on the back while forcing them to drink large gulps of water
3. Instruct the passenger to swallow a large piece of hard bread
4. Have the passenger lie flat on their back and jump on their stomach