Passage: "A traffic stop may not be extended beyond the time reasonably needed to address the violation that prompted it, absent independent reasonable suspicion of another crime." If a CHP officer extends a stop for 20 minutes without any new reasonable suspicion, the extension is:

1. Permissible under the passage
2. Not permissible under the passage
3. Only permissible after a supervisor approves
4. Permissible if the driver consents in writing