Which vessel has the right of way when both are sailing?

Answer: C — The vessel on starboard tack

The correct choice indicates that the vessel on starboard tack has the right of way when two sailing vessels are encountering each other. According to the COLREGs, a sailing vessel that is on a starboard tack is considered to have priority over a vessel on a port tack. This rule helps prevent collisions by establishing clear guidelines for navigation and responsibilities when different vessels meet. In sailing terms, a vessel is on a starboard tack when the wind is coming over the starboard side (the right side facing forward), meaning its mainsail is on the opposite side. Conversely, the vessel on a port tack has its mainsail to the left side, effectively putting it in a position of lesser priority. The rationale behind this rule is to provide a standardized approach that facilitates predictable behavior among vessels at sea, ultimately enhancing safety. The notion that size or wind direction (leeward versus windward considerations) plays a role in determining right of way can lead to confusion but is not applicable in this context. Size does not factor into the right of way; right of way is determined solely by the tack each vessel is on, with the priority going to the vessel on starboard tack.