When the air brake system is functioning properly, how are the brakes held away from the drum?

Answer: C — Air pressure

When the air brake system is functioning properly, air pressure is responsible for holding the brakes away from the drum. In an air brake system, when the driver applies the brakes, air pressure is released to activate the brake chambers, pushing the brake shoes against the drum to create friction and slow down the vehicle. Conversely, when the brake pedal is released, the air pressure in the brake chambers holds the brake shoes away from the drum, allowing the wheels to turn freely. This system is essential for efficient braking and ensuring that the vehicle can operate safely without unnecessary drag on the wheels when the brakes are not engaged. In contrast, mechanical force, friction, or hydraulic fluid do not play the key role in maintaining the brake shoes' position when the brakes are not applied in an air brake system.