Which federal agency governs railroad safety regulations?

Answer: B — Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)

The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is the agency specifically responsible for governing railroad safety regulations. Established in 1966, the FRA operates under the U.S. Department of Transportation and focuses on ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the nation's railroads. This includes the development and enforcement of safety standards related to railroad operations, employee safety, locomotive and rail car standards, track safety, and hazardous materials transportation by rail. The FRA's regulations are crucial for minimizing accidents and enhancing the safety of passengers and freight traveling by rail. The other agencies mentioned have distinct areas of focus that do not encompass railroad safety regulations. For instance, the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) primarily oversees civil aviation, while the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is tasked with regulating workplace safety across various industries, though not specifically railroads. The Department of Transportation (DOT) oversees a broad range of transportation modes, including rail, but it is the FRA that specifically handles the intricacies and details related to railroad safety.