A conductor's crew is required to perform a brake test but there is no certified car inspector (carman) available. Under 49 CFR Part 232, who may perform a brake test in this situation?

1. Only a carmen (car inspector); no substitute is permitted
2. A qualified person as defined by the railroad's brake test training program and Part 232
3. Any railroad employee, since no certification is needed for brake tests
4. The engineer only, since brake systems are mechanical