What is the primary difference between Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP) specifications under Performance-Based Navigation (PBN)?

1. RNP requires on-board performance monitoring and alerting; RNAV does not
2. RNAV is satellite-only; RNP relies strictly on ground-based VOR/DME aids
3. RNP is only used for military flight operations; RNAV is for civil
4. RNAV requires a dedicated flight navigator crew member; RNP does not